The Five Most Common Issues with Solar Panels—And How to Handle Them  

Solar panels are a fantastic way to lower electricity bills and reduce reliance on the grid. But like any technology, they come with challenges. Homeowners and businesses can face issues that impact system performance. However, with proper maintenance and proactive care, these problems can be minimised.

Here are the five most common solar panel issues—and how to fix them.

1. Solar Panel Efficiency Decreases Over Time

While most solar panels last 25–30 years, they don’t maintain peak efficiency forever. Over time, factors like weather exposure, small cracks in solar cells, and the natural degradation of materials contribute to a gradual drop in power output.

To maintain efficiency, schedule regular maintenance and professional cleaning to remove dust and debris. Upgrading your inverter can also help, especially if it’s outdated. If your panels are more than 20 years old, consider replacing them with newer, higher-efficiency models to maximise energy production.

2. Weather-Related Damage

Solar panels are built to withstand extreme weather, but they’re not indestructible. Hailstorms, strong winds, and heavy snow can crack panels, loosen mounting brackets, and damage wiring connections.

To prevent major damage, invest in high-quality panels with a strong warranty (at least 20 years of coverage). Installing protective barriers like hail-resistant coverings in storm-prone areas can provide extra security. After extreme weather, schedule inspections to catch small issues before they become serious problems.

3. Shading and Dirt Buildup Reduce Power Output

Solar panels need direct sunlight to work effectively. Shading from trees, nearby buildings, or even dust and bird droppings can significantly reduce energy production. Even partial shading can cause major losses—especially if your system uses string inverters instead of microinverters.

To prevent these losses, regularly trim overhanging branches that may block sunlight. Clean your panels at least twice a year to remove dirt and debris. If shading is a major concern, upgrading to microinverters or power optimisers can help minimise power loss.

4. Inverter Failure Can Disrupt Your Entire System

Your inverter is the heart of your solar power system. It converts DC electricity from the panels into usable AC power. However, inverters don’t last as long as solar panels—most need replacing every 10–15 years.

If you notice fluctuating power output, error messages, or a complete system shutdown, your inverter may be failing. Routine system monitoring can help you catch problems early. If your inverter is over 10 years old, consider replacing it with a newer, more efficient model to keep your system running smoothly.

5. Installation & Wiring Issues

A poorly installed solar system can lead to loose wiring, faulty connections, and reduced efficiency. In some cases, electrical issues can even create fire hazards. These problems are especially common with DIY installations or when working with inexperienced contractors.

To avoid these risks, always hire a certified solar installer with a proven track record. If you suspect a problem, a professional inspection can help identify and fix issues before they cause serious damage.

How to Keep Your Solar Panels Running Efficiently

Solar power is an excellent long-term investment—but only if your system is well-maintained. Regular maintenance, professional inspections, and timely upgrades will keep your panels performing at their best.

To maximise your system’s efficiency, be proactive. Schedule regular maintenance, ensure proper installation, and replace outdated components like inverters when necessary. With the right care, your solar panels can continue providing clean, affordable energy for decades.